Offered Papers Theme C: Delivering the Benefits from Grassland

Presentations
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	Paying for Our Keep: Grasslands Decision Support in More-Developed Countries Andrew D. Moore, CSIRO Agriculture, Australia
	Citizen Scientists: Efforts by the Tri-Societies to Inject Science Into US Policymaking E. Bergfeld, American Society of Agronomy K. Glasener, American Society of Agronomy
	Change in Grassland Science: Implications for Training, Research and Grassland Societies G. Lemaire, Institut National de Recherche Agronomique, France R. J. Wilkins, Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, UK J. Hodgson, Massey University, New Zealand
	The Great Mission of the Chinese Grassland Society: Grassland Strategic Research F. Hong, The Chinese Grassland Society, China
	Grassland Technology Interaction and Policy Evolution in Canada Duane H. McCartney, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canada P. Jefferson, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canada
	The Lotus Newsletter: An Electronic Lotus Research Community Mónica Rebuffo, INIA, Uruguay
	The Leucaena Network: A Grazier Advocacy Organisation Ensuring the Future of a Valuable Forage Resource for Northern Australia K. McLaughlin, The Leucaena Network, Australia B. F. Mullen, The University of Queensland, Australia H. M. Shelton, The University of Queensland, Australia
	The Role of Grassland Societies in the West of Scotland G. E. D. Tiley, Scottish Agricultural College (SAC), UK
	The Ulster Grassland Society J. Morrison, College of Agriculture, Food and Rural Enterprise, Ireland
	American Forage and Grassland Council Technology Interaction and Policy Development E. K. Twidwell, American Forage and Grassland Council W. A. Tucker, American Forage and Grassland Council
	Comments on the Present Activity of Czech Specialists in Grassland Cultivation B. Cagaš, OSEVA PRO Ltd., Czech Republic
	The Tropical Grassland Society of Australia Incorporated David M. Orr, Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Australia M. H. Shelton, University of Queensland, Australia C. A. Hall, CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems, Australia
	Activity of Japanese Society of Grassland Science K. Sugawara, National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Japan S. Saiga, Japanese Society of Grassland Science, Japan K. Tateno, National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Japan Y. Cai, National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Japan N. Yoshida, National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Japan T. Takamizo, National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Japan M. Goto, Mie University, Japan
	The Spanish Society for the Study of Pastures: 45 Years Promoting Better Pasture Knowledge and Management A. San Miguel, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain
	Institutions, Structures and Topics of Grassland Research in Germany - From Science to Practice Johannes Isselstein, University of Göttingen, Germany H. Hochberg, Thuringia State Institute of Agriculture, Germany
	Role of the Grassland Society of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Grassland Agriculture S. Alibegovic-Gbic, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina M. Bezdrob, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
	Technology Interaction and Policy Evolution; Grassland Society of Southern Australia Inc L. L. Bennison, Grassland Society of Southern Australia Inc., Australia
	Role of Hellenic Range and Pasture Society in Technology Interaction and Policy Evolution T. G. Papachristou, Forest Research Institute, Greece P. D. Platis, Forest Research Institute, Greece V. Papanastasis, Forest Research Institute, Greece A. Ainalis, Forest Research Institute, Greece
	Slovenian Grassland Society: Science, Profession and Practice Branko Kramberger, University of Maribor, Slovenia Matej Vidrih, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia T. Vidrih, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia J. Čop, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
	The Role of the New Zealand Grassland Association in Technology Interaction and Policy Evolution M. W. Calder, New Zealand Grassland Association, New Zealand
	The Activities and Aspirations of the Estonian Grassland Society A. Selge, Estonian Agricultural University, Estonia R. Viiralt, Estonian Agricultural University, Estonia Tiina Köster, Estonian Agricultural University, Estonia
	Portuguese Society of Pastures and Forages J. Potes, Estação Nacional de Melhoramento de Plantas, Portugal E. V. Lourenço, Estação Nacional de Melhoramento de Plantas, Portugal T. Carita, Estação Nacional de Melhoramento de Plantas, Portugal
	The Role of the British Grassland Society in Technology Transfer J. M. Crichton, University of Reading, UK
	Irish Grassland Association: Delivering the Benefits from Grassland S. Flanagan, Teagasc, Ireland
	A Decision Support System for Monitoring Livestock Diet Quality and Performance: Verification Study on Cattle, Adami Tulu, Ethiopia A. A. Jama, Texas A&M University G. Tolleson, Texas A&M University J. W. Stuth, Texas A&M University Abule Ebro, Adami Tulu Research Center, Ethiopia K. Zander, Texas A&M University Robert J. Kaitho, Texas A&M University
	Accelerating the Impacts of Participatory Research and Extension: Lessons from Laos Joanne E. Miller, Charles Sturt University, Australia Viengxay Photakoun, National Agriculture and Forestry Extension Service, Lao PDR J. G. Connell, International Center for Tropical Agriculture, Lao PDR
	Decision Support System for Grassland-Based Sheep Production in the Chilean Patagonia R. R. Vera, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile S. Morales, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile C. Aguilar, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile
	Management of Pasture Quality for Sheep on New Zealand Hill Country D. I. Gray, Massey University, New Zealand J. I. Reid, Massey University, New Zealand P. D. Kemp, Massey University, New Zealand I. M. Brookes, Massey University, New Zealand D. Horne, Massey University, New Zealand Paul R. Kenyon, Massey University, New Zealand C. Matthew, Massey University, New Zealand S. T. Morris, Massey University, New Zealand I. Valentine, Massey University, New Zealand
	Involvement of Maasai Pastoralists in Participatory Rangeland Management Planning and Implementation Evelyne Kiptot, Kenya Forestry Research Institute, Kenya W, Ego, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Kenya D. Ochieng, ARIDSAK Project, Kenya A. Mohamed, ARIDSAK Project, Kenya
	Artturi Assists Finnish Advisers and Farmers to Succeed in Grass-Based Dairy Production Marketta Rinne, MTT Agrifood Research, Finland Pekka Huhtanen, MTT Agrifood Research, Finland Kaisa Kuoppala, MTT Agrifood Research, Finland H. Nikander, Agricultural Research Centre, Finland J. Nousiainen, Valio Ltd., Finland M. Hellämäki, Valio Ltd., Finland L. Nyholm, Valio Ltd., Finland J. Helminen, Valio Ltd., Finland K. Lampinen, ProAgria Association of Rural Advisory Centres, Finland M. Maisi, Kemira GrowHow Ltd., Finland M. Korhonen, Kemira GrowHow Ltd., Finland
	N-Mineralisation and Phosphorous: Important Elements in Decision Support for Grassland Systems A. Lisbeth Nielsen, Agro Business Park, Denmark C. C. Hoffmann, National Environmental Research Institute, Denmark
	Software PPBB_MX: Potential Productivity Modelling of Brachiaria Brizantha (Cultivars Marandu and Xaraés) E. R. Detomini, University of São Paulo, Brazil D. Dourado Neto, University of São Paulo, Brazil
	An Internet-Based Tool for Use in Assessing the Likely Effect of Intensification on Losses of Nitrogen to the Environment N. J. Hutchings, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Denmark B. M. Petersen, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Denmark I. S. Kristensen, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Denmark N. Detlefsen, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Denmark M. S. Jørgensen, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Denmark
	CaNaSTA - Crop Niche Selection for Tropical Agriculture, a Spatial Decision Support System R. O'Brien, CIAT, Colombia M. Peters, CIAT, Colombia R. Corner, Curtin University of Technology, Australia S. Cook, CIAT, Columbia
	A Model to Evaluate Buying and Selling Policies for Growing Lambs on Pasture P. C. H. Morel, Massey University, New Zealand B. Wildbore, Massey University, New Zealand I. M. Brookes, Massey University, New Zealand Paul R. Kenyon, Massey University, New Zealand R. W. Purchas, Massey University, New Zealand S. Ramaswami, Massey University, New Zealand
	Sensitivity Analysis of a Growth Simulation for Finishing Lambs P. C. H. Morel, Massey University, New Zealand B. Wildbore, Massey University, New Zealand I. M. Brookes, Massey University, New Zealand Paul R. Kenyon, Massey University, New Zealand R. W. Purchas, Massey University, New Zealand S. Ramaswami, Massey University, New Zealand
	Forecasting Forage Yields Using the ARIMA Model in Pastoral Areas of East Africa Robert J. Kaitho, Texas A&M University J. W. Stuth, Texas A&M University Jay Angerer, Texas A&M University A. A. Jama, Texas A&M University
	Determination of Optimal Grazing Management for Dairy Cows in Galicia (Spain) Using a Decision Support System O. P. Vázquez Yáñez, Centro de Investigaciones Agrarias de Mabegondo, Spain A. González Rodríguez, Centro de Investigaciones Agrarias de Mabegondo, Spain J. López Díaz, Centro de Investigaciones Agrarias de Mabegondo, Spain
	Systems Simulation Assists Land Capability Estimation in Australia’s Temperate Grasslands Richard J. Simpson, CSIRO Plant Industry, Australia L. Salmon, CSIRO Plant Industry, Australia P. Graham, Department of Primary Industry, Australia A. D. Moore, CSIRO Plant Industry, Australia A. Stefanski, CSIRO Plant Industry, Australia D. J. Marshall, CSIRO Plant Industry, Australia J. R. Donnelly, CSIRO Plant Industry, Australia
	Enhancing Grasslands Education with Decision Support Tools Helen G. Daily, University of New England, Australia J. M. Scott, University of New England, Australia J. M. Reid, University of New England, Australia
	A Farmer-Based Decision Support System for Managing Pasture Quality on Hill Country I. M. Brookes, Massey University, New Zealand D. I. Gray, Massey University, New Zealand
	Allocating Grazing Resources with KansasGrazer® and Making Management Decisions in a Stocker Operation Joseph L. Moyer, Kansas State University J. O. Fritz, Kansas State University
	Participative Decision Mechanisms for Sustainable Development in Co-Operative Livestock Systems in Europe E. Ruoss, Entlebuch UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, Switzerland A. Boltshauser, Entlebuch UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, Switzerland Pius Hofstetter, Education and Advisory Centre for Agriculture, Switzerland
	The Grazemore Decision Support System for Grazing Management of Dairy Cows Mårten Hetta, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden M. Norrsken-Eriksson, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden S. Persson, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden Evelina Larsson, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden Linda Karlsson, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden N. Alvarez-Torre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden Harry Eriksson, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden K. Martinsson, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden
	External Validation in Northwest Spain of a Decision Support System for Grazing Dairy Cows (Grazemore) Antonio González-Rodríguez, Centro de Investigaciones Agrarias de Mabegondo, Spain J. López Díaz, Centro de Investigaciones Agrarias de Mabegondo, Spain O. P. Vázquez Yáñez, Centro de Investigaciones Agrarias de Mabegondo, Spain
	Pâtur’IN: A User-Friendly Software Tool to Assist Dairy Cow Grazing Management Luc Delaby, INRA, France J. L. Peyraud, INRA, France P. Faverdin, INRA, France
	An Interactive, Web-Based Module to Teach the Principles of Silage Fermentation M. H. Hall, The Pennsylvania State University
	The Impact of Concentrate Price on the Utilization of Grazed and Conserved Grass P. Crosson, Teagasc, Ireland P. O'Kiely, Teagasc, Ireland F. P. O'Mara, University College Dublin, Ireland M. J. Drennan, Teagasc, Ireland M. Wallace, University College Dublin, Ireland
	Disappearance of Residual Dry Matter on Annual Grassland in the Absence of Grazing W. E. Frost, University of California Cooperative Extension J. W. Bartolome, University of California - Berkeley K. R. Churches, University of California Cooperative Extension
	Pasture Condition Scoring James B. Cropper, USDA-NRCS
	Forage Suitability Group Report: A Tool for Grassland Management James B. Cropper, USDA-NRCS G. L. Peacock, Central National Technology Support Center
	Using Landsat Imagery to Analyse Land Cover Change in the Njoro Watershed, Kenya T. J. Baldyga, University of Wyoming S. N. Miller, University of Wyoming K. L. Driese, University of Wyoming C. Maina-Gichaba, Egerton University, Kenya
	On-Farm Information: A Valuable Tool for the Sustainable Management of Mountain Pastures in Protected Natural Areas N. Mandaluniz, NEIKER, Spain A. Bernués, CITA, Spain A. Igarzabal, NEIKER, Spain I. J. L. Riedel, CITA, Spain R. Ruiz, NEIKER, Spain A. Sanz, CITA, Spain I. Casasús, CITA, Spain L. M. Oregui, NEIKER, Spain
	Assessment and Monitoring of Grazing Lands in the Northeastern United States M. A. Sanderson, USDA-ARS Sarah C. Goslee, USDA-ARS J. B. Cropper, USDA-NRCS R. B. Bryant, USDA-ARS
	The Role of Proper Use Factor Model for the Prediction of Available Forage in Rangeland in the South of Iran G. R. Badjian, University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia I. Dahlan, University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia M. Shahwahid H. O., University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia A. A. Mehrabi, University of Tehran, Iran
	A Simple Theoretical Model for Calculating Agricultural Value of Grasslands G. Nagy, University of Debrecen, Hungary
	The Use of Digital Imagery for the Assessment of Green Biomass in Native Pastures A. F. Southwell, Charles Sturt University, Australia G. McKenzie, Charles Sturt University, Australia James M. Virgona, Charles Sturt University, Australia A. M. Ridley, Department of Primary Industries, Australia P. Ederback, Charles Sturt University, Australia
	Evaluation and Determination of the Appropriate Method for Assessing Optimum Utilisation Rate of Eurotia Ceratoides in Upland Grasslands of Iran Fazel Amiri, Islamic Azad University, Iran M. R. Chaichi, The Islamic Azad University, Iran
	Heterogeneous Nutrient Distribution Across Dairy Grazing Systems in Southeastern Australia C. J. P. Gourley, Ellinbank Research Institute, Australia I. Awty, Ellinbank Research Institute, Australia P. A. Durling, Ellinbank Research Institute, Australia J. Collins, Ellinbank Research Institute, Australia A. Melland, Ellinbank Research Institute, Australia S. R. Aarons, Ellinbank Research Institute, Australia
	Using Geospatial Information Technologies to Identify Factors Affecting Grazing Distribution on Grasslands W. H. Schacht, University of Nebraska‐Lincoln A. Guru, University of Nebraska-Lincoln P. E. Reece, University of Nebraska-Lincoln J. D. Volesky, University of Nebraska‐Lincoln D. C. Cotton, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
	Grassland Monitoring System for Sustainable Utilisation in Inner Mongolia, China. 3. The Estimation of Herbage Intake of Sheep During Grazing the Natural Grassland H. Yokota, Nagoya University, Japan K. Kawamura, Gifu University, Japan T. Akiyama, Gifu University, Japan M. Inoue, Nagoya University, Japan M. Kondo, Nagoya University, Japan K. Kita, Nagoya University, Japan Y. Wang, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
	Grassland Monitoring System for Sustainable Utilisation in Inner Mongolia, China. 2. Real-Time Monitoring of Grass and Animal Interaction Using Satellite Data and GPS K. Kawamura, Gifu University, Japan T. Akiyama, Gifu University, Japan H. Yokota, Nagoya University, Japan M. Inoue, Nagoya University, Japan Taisuke Yasuda, Yamanashi Institute of Environmental Sciences, Japan O. Watanabe, National Agricultural Research Center for Western Regions, Japan Y. Wang, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
	Grassland Monitoring System for Sustainable Utilisation in Inner Mongolia, China. 1. Concept of Real-Time Monitoring System and Estimation of Biomass Using NOAA/NDVI T. Akiyama, Gifu University, Japan K. Kawamura, Gifu University, Japan H. Yokota, Nagoya University, Japan Z. Z. Chen, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
	Feed Planning - Methods Used by “Expert” Farmers D. I. Gray, Massey University, College of Sciences, New Zealand W. J. Parker, Massey University, New Zealand E. A. Kemp, Massey University, New Zealand P. D. Kemp, Massey University, New Zealand I. M. Brookes, Massey University, New Zealand D. J. Horne, Massey University, New Zealand Paul R. Kenyon, Massey University, New Zealand C. Matthew, Massey University, New Zealand S. T. Morris, Massey University, New Zealand J. I. Reid, Massey University, New Zealand I. Valentine, Massey University, New Zealand
	A Farmer Friendly Feed Budget Calculator for Grazing Management Decisions in Winter and Spring M. Curnow, Department of Agriculture Western Australia, Australia M. W. Hyder, Department of Agriculture Western Australia, Australia
	GrassCheck: Monitoring and Predicting Grass Production in Northern Ireland P. D. Barrett, Agricultural Research Institute of Northern Ireland, UK A. S. Laidlaw, Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, UK
	Development of a Model Simulating the Impact of Management Strategies on Production from Beef Cattle Farming Systems Based on Permanent Pasture M. Jouven, IRNA, France R. Baumont, INRA, France
	Modelling the Effect of Breakeven Date in Spring Rotation Planner on Production and Profit of a Pasture-Based Dairy System P. C. Beukes, Dexcel, New Zealand B. S. Thorrold, Dexcel, New Zealand M. E. Wastney, Dexcel, New Zealand C. C. Palliser, Dexcel, New Zealand G. Levy, Dexcel, New Zealand X. Chardon, Dexcel, New Zealand
	Forage Monitoring Technology to Improve Risk Management Decision Making by Herders in the Gobi Region of Mongolia Jay Angerer, Texas A&M University J. W. Stuth, Texas A&M University D. Tsogoo, Mercy Corps, Mongolia G. Tolleson, Texas A&M University Dennis Sheehy, Texas A&M University U. Gombosuren, Mercy Corps, Mongolia Sean Granville-Ross, Mercy Corps, Mongolia
	Compilation of a Database of Research Information on Legume Based Grazing Systems; a Part of the Leggraze Research Project J. J. Rochon, Institut Universitaire de Technologie, France G. Molle, Istituto Zootecnico e Caseario per la Sardegna, Italy A. Hopkins, Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, UK J. M. Greef, Federal Agricultural Research Centre, Germany
	Assessment of the Nitrogen Nutrition Index (NNI) by the Nitrogen Concentration of the Upper Part of the Sward B. Deprez, Catholic University of Louvain, Belgium R. Lambert, Catholic University of Louvain, Belgium A. Peeters, Catholic University of Louvain, Belgium
	The Prediction of Biological Nitrogen Fixation C. F. E. Topp, SAC, UK C. A. Watson, SAC, UK R. M. Rees, SAC, UK I. Sanders, SAC, UK
	Potentialities of Near Infrared Spectroscopy to Assess Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Nutrient Status of Grasslands in the Reunion Island Philippe Lecomte, CIRAD, France Vincent Blanfort, CIRAD, France Michael Duru, INRA, France P. Thomas, UAFP, France P. Grimaud, CIRAD, France
	Near Infrared Spectroscopy of Faeces to Predict Diet Quality in Grazing Animals: Development of a Portable System D. R. Tolleson, Texas A&M University J. W. Stuth, Texas A&M University
	The Use of Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) to Follow the Leaf/Stem Ratio of Legumes During Drying D. Stilmant, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, Belgium Virginie Decruyenaere, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, Belgium C. Clément, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, Belgium P. Dardenne, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, Belgium N. Grogna, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, Belgium
	Leaf Dry Matter Content of Native Grassland Species Under Contrasting N and P Supply P. Cruz, INRA, France C. Jouany, INRA, France Jérome M. Enjalbert, INRA, France Michael Duru, INRA, France
	Modelling Winter Grass Growth and Senescence D. Hennessy, Teagasc, Ireland S. Laidlaw, Queens University Belfast, UK M. O'Donovan, Teagasc, Ireland P. French, Teagasc, Ireland
	Leaf and Tiller Dynamics in Centipede Grass and Bahia Grass M. A. Islam, University of Miyazaki, Japan Masahiko Hirata, University of Miyazaki, Japan
	Modelling Tiller Density Dynamics in a Grass Sward Masahiko Hirata, University of Miyazaki, Japan
	The Influence of Growing Degree Days on Robinia Pseudoacacia Browse Quality and Productivity in the Southeastern USA L. J. Unruh Snyder, North Carolina State University J. Paul Mueller, North Carolina State University Jean-Marie Luginbuhl, North Carolina State University K. E. Turner, USDA-ARS C. Brownie, North Carolina State University
	State and Transition Model of Lowland Grassland in Flooding Pampa E. J. Jacobo, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina A. M. Rodríguez, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina V. A. Deregibus, Universidad de Buenos Aries, Argentina
	Adapting the CROPGRO Model to Predict Growth and Perennial Nature of Bahiagrass S. J. Rymph, University of Florida K. J. Boote, University of Florida J. W. Jones, University of Florida
	Variation of LDMC and SLA Relationship Between Growth Forms in Natural Grasslands J. Viégas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil P. Cruz, INRA, France J. P. Theau, INRA, France C. Jouany, INRA, France P. Ansquer, INRA, France R. Al Haj Khaled, INRA, France O. Therond, Chambre d'Agriculture de la Haute Garonne, France M. Duru, INRA, France
	A Herbage Growth Model for Different Types of Natural Grassland J. Viégas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil M. Duru, Unité Mixte de Recherche, France P. Cruz, Unité Mixte de Recherche, France J. P. Theau, Unité Mixte de Recherche, France P. Ansquer, Unité Mixte de Recherche, France C. Ducourtieux, Unité Mixte de Recherche, France
	Simulation of Lablab Pastures Jacqueline O. Hill, CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems, Australia M. J. Robertson, CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems, Australia A. M. Whitbread, CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems, Australia B. C. Pengelly, CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems, Australia
	Modelling Grass Productivity in the Brazilian Amazon C. E. P. Cerri, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil K. Paustian, Colorado State University C. C. Cerri, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil F. F. C. Mello, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil M. Bernoux, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil K. Coleman, Rothamsted Research, UK E. Milne, University of Reading, UK
	Potential for Forecasting UK Summer Grass Growth from the North Atlantic Oscillation P. S. Kettlewell, Harper Adams University College, UK J. Easey, Harper Adams University College, UK P. D. Hollins, Harper Adams University College, UK T. Martyn, Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, UK D. B. Stephenson, University of Reading, UK
	Fertiliser Responses and Soil Test Calibrations for Grazed Pastures in Australia C. J. P. Gourley, Primary Industries Research Victoria, Australia A. Melland, Primary Industries Research Victoria, Australia K. I. Peverill, KIP Consultancy Services Pty Ltd, Australia P. Strickland, Primary Industries Research Victoria, Australia I. Awty, Primary Industries Research Victoria, Australia J. M. Scott, University of New England, Australia
	Diagnosing Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium Status of Natural Grassland in the Presence of Legumes C. Jouany, INRA, France P. Cruz, INRA, France J. P. Theau, INRA, France M. Duru, INRA, France
	Pastures from Space - Application of Satellite-Derived Pasture Predictions Improve the Profitability of Australian Sheep Producers S. G. Gherardi, Department of Agriculture and Food, Australia L. Anderton, Department of Agriculture and Food, Australia J. Sneddon, University of Western Australia, Australia Chris Oldham, Department of Agriculture and Food, Australia G. Mata, CSIRO, Australia
	Avenues for Enhancing Traditional Livelihoods from Grasslands: Income Diversification Among Pastoral Women’s Groups in Southern Ethiopia S. Desta, GL‐CRSP PARIMA, Kenya D. L. Coppock, Utah State University S. Tezera, GL‐CRSP PARIMA, Ethiopia G. Gebru, GL‐CRSP PARIMA, Ethiopia
	High Elevation Grasslands as a Crucial Resource to Ranchers of Northern New Mexico A. M. McSweeny, USDA Forest Service Carol Raish, USDA Forest Service
	Community Perceptions of Vulnerable Key Ecological Resources in Baringo, Kenya Mark N. Mutinda, Egerton University, Kenya Abdillahi A. Aboud, Egerton University, Kenya D. L. Coppock, Utah State University
	Of Grasslands and Guns: Natural-Resource Based Conflict Among the Waso Borana Pastoralists of Northern Kenya A. D. Jillo, Egerton University, Kenya Abdillahi A. Aboud, Egerton University, Kenya D. L. Coppock, Utah State University
	Agro-Pastoralists Concerns Over the Prosopis Tree: The Case of the Ilchamus of Baringo District, Kenya Abdillahi A. Aboud, Egerton University, Kenya F. W. Lusenaka, Egerton University, Kenya C. I. Lenachuru, Egerton University, Kenya P. K. Kisoyan, Egerton University, Kenya
	Economic Efficiency of Milk Production for Different Sizes of Modern Dairy Farms in Hamadan Province, Iran Yousef Rostami, Animal Science and Forest & Rangeland Research Institutes, Iran M. Koopahi, University of Tehran, Iran S. A. Mohaddes, Khorasan Natural Resources and Livestock Research Center, Iran
	A Study of Labour Use on Irish Grassland Farms Specialising in Suckler Production H. Leahy, Teagasc, Ireland E. G. O'Riordan, Teagasc, Ireland D. J. Ruane, University College Dublin, Ireland
	Economic Efficiency of the Production in Dairy Sheep Breeding M. V. Stoykova, Institute of Forage Crops, Bulgaria
	Lucerne Production and Economics on Stakeholder Ranches on Coastal Plain Acid Soils V. A. Haby, Texas A&M University A. T. Leonard, Texas A&M University G. M. Clary, Texas Cooperative Extension F. M. Rouquette Jr., Texas A&M University L. A. Redmon, Texas Cooperative Extension
	Are New Farming Systems Based on Perennial Pastures in South West Australia More Profitable? Paul Sanford, Department of Agriculture, Australia J. Young, Farm Systems Analysis, Australia
	Alternative Land Use Options for Philippine Grasslands: A Bioeconomic Modeling Approach Using the WaNuLCAS Model D. B. Magcale-Macandog, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Philippines E. Abucay, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Philippines P. A. B. Ani, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Philippines
	Adding Value to Grasslands Through Certified Organic Beef Production G. Ferreira, INIA, Uruguay F. Pittaluga, INIA, Uruguay C. Mas, INIA, Uruguay S. Revello, INIA, Uruguay R. Tellería, INIA, Uruguay
	Production Strategies of Livestock Herders in the Grasslands of Kazakhstan: Implications for the Marketing of Fine Fibres Kathleen A. Galvin, Colorado State University C. Kerven, The Macaulay Institute, UK R. B. Boone, Colorado State University A. Smailov, Kazakhstan Scientific Centre for Livestock and Veterinary Research, Kazakhstan
	Cashmere Marketing is a New Income Source for Central Asian Livestock Farmers R. H. Behnke, The Macaulay Institute, UK C. Kerven, The Macaulay Institute, UK S. Aryngaziev, Kazakhstan Scientific Centre for Livestock and Veterinary Research, Kazakhstan N. Malmakov, Kazakhstan Scientific Centre for Livestock and Veterinary Research, Kazakhstan H. Redden, The Macaulay Institute, UK A. Smailov, Kazakhstan Scientific Centre for Livestock and Veterinary Research, Kazakhstan K. A. Galvin, Colorado State University
	Task Force Development to Provide Education and Leadership to the Meat Goat Industry Jeffrey C. Fisher, Ohio State University Extension L. A. Nye, Ohio State University Extension D. A. Mangione, Ohio State University Extension
	Factors Related to Marketing Successes for Fibre Producers in Middle Asia R. B. Boone, Colorado State University K. A. Galvin, Colorado State University
	Land Subdivision, Heterogeneity, and Declining Food Security for African Pastoralists R. B. Boone, Colorado State University
	Transhumance in Protected Areas in Benin E. A. Sogbohossou, University of Abomey-Calavi, Benin Marcel Houinato, University of Abomey-Calavi, Benin C. Tamou, University of Abomey-Calavi, Benin K. Sounkere, University of Abomey-Calavi, Benin Brice Sinsin, University of Abomey-Calavi, Benin
	Contribution of Grasses to Soil Fertility and Improved Livelihoods G. P. Ojha, Capital Research Center, Nepal B. K. Dhital, Sustainable Soil Management Programme, Nepal
	Degraded Rangeland: Can the Balance Be Restored in the Absence of Satisfactory Range Management Practices? F. J. Mitchell, Department of Agriculture and Environmental Affairs, South Africa R. G. Bennett, Department of Agriculture and Environmental Affairs, South Africa B. D. Forbes, Department of Agriculture and Environmental Affairs, South Africa R. N. Reynolds, Department of Agriculture and Environmental Affairs, South Africa
	Grazing Prohibition Programme and Sustainable Development of Grassland in China X. Y. Hou, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China L. Yang, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
	Herders and Wetland Degradation in Northern Cameroon E. Tedonkeng Pamo, University of Dschang, Cameroon F. Tendonkeng, University of Dschang, Cameroon J. R. Kana, University of Dschang, Cameroon
	Carbon Sequestration in Desertified Rangelands of Hossein-Abad, Iran: A Participatory Approach F. Amiraslani, Forest, Rangeland and Watershed Management Organization, Iran
	Use of Forage Legumes to Restore Overgrazed Natural Grasslands in Uganda Elly N. Sabiiti, Makerere University, Uganda S. Mugasi, Makerere University, Uganda F. B. Bareeba, Makerere University, Uganda
	Farmer-Directed On-Farm Experimentation Examining the Impact of Companion Planting Barley and Oats on Timothy-Lucerne Forage Establishment in Central Newfoundland D. Spaner, University of Alberta, Canada A. G. Todd, Agriculture and Agri-Food, Canada
	LeyGrain: A Participatory Action-Learning Model for Ley Pastures in Cropping Systems D. L. Lloyd, PO Box 102, Toowoomba, Queensland 4350, Australia B. Johnson, PO Box 102, Toowoomba, Queensland 4350, Australia S. M. O'Brien, PO Box 102, Toowoomba, Queensland 4350, Australia
	On-Farm Research to Improve the Measure of Variability of Forage Production Across the Landscape for Evaluating Economic Risk in Forage-Based Enterprises Ed B. Rayburn, West Virginia University
	Adoption of Participatory Rural Appraisal: A Case Study from China A. Chu, Massey University, New Zealand A. D. Meister, Massey University, New Zealand P. Guo, China Agricultural University, China J. Reid, Massey University, New Zealand B. Nowak, Massey University, New Zealand S. Morris, Massey University, New Zealand John Hodgson, Massey University, New Zealand P. N. P. Matthews, Massey University, New Zealand P. Gregg, Massey University, New Zealand K. Cai, Yunnan Institute of Geography, China J. Xie, Department of Agriculture, China X. Y. Li, China Agricultural University, China
	Livestock Producers and Researchers - A Case Study of an Effective Partnership R. D. B. Whalley, University of New England, Australia I. H. Simpson, PO Box E9009 East Orange NSW 2800, Australia W. K. Mason, PO Box E9009 East Orange NSW 2800, Australia
	Participatory Development of a Forage Grass Cultivar Michael D. Casler, USDA–ARS P. G. Pitts, 3709 Hwy C, Spring Green, WI P. C. Bilkey, AgResearch C. A. Rose-Fricker, Pure Seed Testing
	Farmer Adoption; Ten Years of Productive Pasture Systems in Southern Australia Geoffrey Saul, Department of Primary Industries, Australia H. L. Quinn, Department of Primary Industries, Australia J. T. Trompf, J.T. Agri-Source, Australia
	Organic Herbage Seed Production in Wales - Working with Farmers to Develop the Technology H. McCalman, Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, UK A. M. Marshall, Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, UK
	Management of Gastro-Intestinal Parasite Pressure, Under Grazing in Organic Farms: Development of a Decision Support System Through the Mobilisation of a Participative Research Process D. Jamar, CRA-W, Belgium Virginie Decruyenaere, CRA-W, Belgium Y. Seutin, CRA-W, Belgium D. Stilmant, CRA-W, Belgium L. Perriaux, CRA-W, Belgium P. Stassart, University of Liège, Belgium
	Farmer-Driven Research for Developing Models of Successful Low Input Dairy Farms of Small to Medium Size in the American Midwest D. G. Johnson, University of Minnesota - Morris M. V. Rudstrom, University of Minnesota - Morris R. Imdieke, 19560 68th Street North East, New London Minnesota E. Ballinger, University of Minnesota G. J. Cuomo, University of Minnesota - Morris
	The Contribution of Participation to the Grassland Research of the Louis Bolk Institute J. de Wit, Louis Bolk Institute, The Netherlands T. Baars, Louis Bolk Institute, The Netherlands N. van Eekeren, Louis Bolk Institute, The Netherlands
	On-Farm Participatory Research is an Essential Step Towards Achieving Successful Adoption of Innovation: ‘Lifetime Wool’ a Case Study Chris Oldham, Department of Agriculture & Food, Australia P. Barber, Department of Primary Industries, Australia M. Curnow, Department of Agriculture & Food, Australia S. Giles, Department of Agriculture & Food, Australia D. Gordon, Department of Primary Industries, Australia A. Thompson, Department of Primary Industries, Australia
	Assessment and Improvement of the Efficiency of Nitrogen Use on Commercial Dairy Farms D. J. Roberts, SAC Dairy Research Centre, UK K. A. Leach, SAC Dairy Research Centre, UK J. Goldie, SAC Dairy Research Centre, UK
	Evaluation of Narrow-Row Forage Maize in Field-Scale Studies W. J. Cox, Cornell University J. H. Cherney, Cornell University D. J. R. Cherney, Cornell University
	Using Adult Learning Principles to Plan Participatory Action Research for Incorporating Ley Pastures in Sustainable Mixed Farming Systems Cristine Hall, CSIRO, Australia
	Statistical Precision of a Replicated Farm Grazing Trial Versus Replicated Paddock Trials K. P. Vogel, USDA-ARS L. E. Moser, University of Nebraska‐Lincoln D. E. Bauer, Coop. Ext.
	Participatory Plant Breeding in Uruguay D. Real, The University of Western Australia, Australia G. A. Ferreira, INIA, Uruguay D. F. Risso, INIA, Uruguay C. Mas, INIA, Uruguay
	Priority Tree Fodder Species in the Maasai Silvopastoral System of Kajiado District, Kenya Evelyne Kiptot, The Kenya Forestry Research Institute, Kenya
	Linking Research to Development in Pastoral Communities of Northern Kenya: Recent Experiences and Key Findings in Participatory Research Approaches G. A. Keya, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Kenya M. Ngutu, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Kenya A. Adongo, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Kenya A. O. Adongo, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Kenya I. Tura, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Kenya
	Improvement of Grassland Through Community Participation in the Middle AwashValley of Ethiopia Ebro Abule, Adami Tulu Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia Tesfa Getachew, GL-CRSP PARIMA, Ethiopia A. Gezahegn, Debre Zeit Research Center, Ethiopia A. Nigatu, ILRI, Ethiopia B. Shimeles, CARE-Ethiopia, Ethiopia
	Potential and Constraints for Animal Feed as an Objective of Poor Farmers in Participatory Research with Multipurpose Forage Crops in Central-America R. van der Hoek, University of Hohenheim, Germany M. Peters, CIAT, Colombia V. Hoffmann, University of Hohenheim, Germany
	Building Decision Tools for Sustainable Grassland Management: A Case Study of Participatory Research in La Réunion Sophie Gerbaud, CIRAD, France Vincent Blanfort, CIRAD, France P. Thomas, CIRAD, France Ph. Lecomte, CIRAD, France J. P. Choisis, CIRAD, France
	Spatio-Temporal Scales of Animal Grazing in Herding Systems Hossein Barani, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran
	Development of a Toolkit for Participatory Management of Rural Watersheds in Kenya L. W. Chiuri, Egerton University, Kenya F. K. Lelo, Egerton University, Kenya M. W. Jenkins, University of California S. N. Miller, University of Wyoming
	The Paired-Paddock Model as an Agent for Change on Grazing Properties Across Southeast Australia J. Thompf, La Trobe University, Australia P. W. G. Sale, La Trobe University, Australia Geoffrey Saul, Department of Primary Industries, Australia
	Forages for Horses J. C. Fisher, The Ohio State University D. H. Samples, The Ohio State University R. A. Sherman, The Ohio State University
	Forages for Horses Programmes G. W. Wilson, Ohio State University Extension R. L. Hendershot, NRCS J. Hoorman, Ohio State University Extension
	Foragebeef.ca Web Site: A Model for Technology Transfer Duane H. McCartney, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canada R. Weisenburger, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canada K. Ziegler, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canada G. Vaillancourt, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canada G. Hutton, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canada
	A University Course on Management Intensive Grazing D. L. Zartman, The Ohio State University
	New Zealand Pastoral Systems: A Current Perspective F. R. Duder, 3/19 Selwyn Avenue, Mission Bay, Auckland 1005, New Zealand R. B. Green, Agricom NZ Ltd, New Zealand W. D. Catto, Ballance Agri-Nutrients Ltd, New Zealand D. R. Woodfield, AgResearch, New Zealand B. R. Guy, Byreburn Ltd., New Zealand
	Land Stewardship for the 21^st Century: Pasture and Livestock Management Workshop for Novices L. A. Redmon, Texas A&M University G. M. Clary, Texas A&M University J. J. Cleere, Texas A&M University G. W. Evers, Texas A&M University V. A. Haby, Texas A&M University C. R. Long, Texas A&M University L. R. Nelson, Texas A&M University F. M. Rouquette Jr., Texas A&M University G. R. Smith, Texas A&M University
	A Systems Approach to Assessing the Viability of Grazing Legume Systems Across Europe C. F. E. Topp, SAC, UK C. J. Smith, SAC, UK L. Wu, SAC, UK G. Molle, Istituto Zootecnico e Caseario per la Sardegna, Italy
	Forage-Animal Production Research Unit (FAPRU): Establishment of a New USDA-ARS Research Location J. R. Strickland, USDA-ARS Forage-Animal Production Research Unit Glen E. Aiken, USDA-ARS Forage-Animal Production Research Unit Isabelle Kagan, USDA-ARS Forage-Animal Production Research Unit R. D. Dinkins, USDA-ARS Forage-Animal Production Research Unit
	Development of a Grazing Land Management Education Program for Northern Australia’s Grasslands and Grassy Woodlands Chris R. Chilcott, Department of Natural Resources, Australia M. F. Quirk, Department of Natural Resources, Australia C. J. Paton, Department of Natural Resources, Australia B. S. Nelson, Department of Natural Resources, Australia T. Oxley, Department of Natural Resources, Australia
	Utilisation of Whole-Crop Rice Silage as a Feed for Ruminants N. Yoshida, National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Japan M. Ogawa, National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Japan Y. Cai, National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Japan H. Nemoto, National Institute of Crop Science, Japan M. Ishida, National Agricultural Research Center, Japan
	Using Abandoned Paddy Fields for Grazing in Northern Japan M. Nashiki, The National Agricultural Research Center for Tohoku Region, Japan H. Narita, The National Agricultural Research Center for Tohoku Region, Japan Y. Higashiyama, The National Agricultural Research Center for Tohoku Region, Japan
	Technology Transfer Through a Network of Producer Groups D. J. Thomson, Russell House, England R. Smith, Russell House, England
	A Forage Area of Expertise Team: The Michigan Approach to Applied Research and Extension Richard Leep, Michigan State University D. H. Min, Upper Peninsula Experiment Station
	Sustaining Grass-Legume Pastures for Cow-Calf Herds: A Case Study John L. Caddel, Oklahoma State University D. D. Redfearn, Oklahoma State University R. L. Woods, Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service
	Rotational Grazing Demonstration with Beef Cattle on Conservation Reserve Land in Adams County, Iowa, USA S. K. Barnhart, Iowa State University B. Peterson, Iowa NRCS C. O. Nelson, Iowa State University Extension R. Bredahl, Iowa State University Extension J. Klein, NRCS R. Sprague, NRCS
	A Situation Analysis of Ley Pasture Utilisation in the Western Downs and Maranoa Regions of S Queensland, Australia K. J. Sibson, The University of Queensland, Australia L. Bahnisch, The University of Queensland, Australia R. Routley, Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Australia K. Taylor, Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Australia
	A Situation Analysis of Ley Pasture Utilisation in the Western Downs and Maranoa Regions of S Queensland, Australia K. J. Sibson, The University of Queensland, Australia L. Bahnisch, The University of Queensland, Australia R. Routley, Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Australia K. Taylor, Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Australia
	Factors Influencing the Adoption of Fodder Production Techniques by Milk Producers in Dhankuta District, Eastern Nepal C. P. Ferris, The Agricultural Research Institute of Northern Ireland R. Nelson, The Agricultural Research Institute of Northern Ireland
	Forage Development in the Nepal Mid-Hills: New Perspectives A. D. Robertson, "Oaky Creek" Wilson's Downfall, Australia
	Farmer Field Schools in Expanding Cultivation to Newly Reclaimed Land in Ismailia in Egypt Oiva Niemeläinen, MTT Agrifood Research, Finland M. Komulainen, Association of Rural Advisory Centre, Finland Y. Ahmed, Ismailia Agricultural Research Station, Egypt M. El-Sayes, Ismailia Agricultural Research Station, Egypt A. El-Adwy, Ismailia Agricultural Research Station, Egypt
	The Role of the PHARE Programme and the Danish-Lithuanian Project on the Development of the Grassland Production and of Dairy-Beef Cattle Husbandry V. Vrotniakiene, Lithuanian Institute of Animal Science, Lithuania Jonas Jatkauskas, Lithuanian Institute of Animal Science, Lithuania
	Integrity of Indigenous Knowledge Systems in Natural Resource Management: The Case of the Arid and Semi-Arid Baringo Herders of Kenya P. M. Makenzi, Egerton University, Kenya Abdillahi A. Aboud, Egerton University, Kenya

Offered Papers Theme C: Delivering the Benefits from Grassland

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