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Date Available

3-31-2028

Year of Publication

2026

Document Type

Master's Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Science in Family Sciences (MSFS)

College

Agriculture, Food and Environment

Department/School/Program

Family Sciences

Faculty

Alexander T. Vazsonyi

Abstract

Parental psychological control (PPC) is a manipulative form of parenting that infringes on adolescents’ emotional and cognitive autonomy and has been linked to both internalizing and externalizing problems. This longitudinal study examined the effects of maternal and paternal psychological control on depression and sensation seeking in a Turkish sample of adolescent girls (N = 709). Data were collected over four waves across two academic years. Measures included the Psychological Control Scale–Youth Self-Report, the Depression subscale of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales–21, and the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale–4. Results indicated that both maternal and paternal psychological control were moderately stable across time and were positively correlated with each other (r = .51, p < .001). Maternal psychological control at Time 1 predicted higher adolescent depression at later waves (βrange = .42 to .47, Mβ = .45, p < .001) and increased sensation seeking (βrange = .17 to .19, Mβ = .18, p < .01). Paternal psychological control also predicted higher levels of depression (βrange = .31 to .33, βmean = .32, p < .001) and sensation seeking (βrange = .12 to .14, βmean = .13, p < .05) across time. Developmental (bidirectional) models showed that within-person increases in both maternal and paternal psychological control were associated with concurrent increases in depression and sensation seeking over time. Findings underscore the enduring impact of parental psychological control on adolescent emotional and behavioral adjustment, highlighting its predictive role across both longitudinal and developmental frameworks in a non-Western context.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

https://doi.org/10.13023/etd.2026.17

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Archival

Available for download on Friday, March 31, 2028

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