Abstract
Land-applied swine manure can be an environmental concern when runoff losses of manure constituents occur. The use of chemical amendments to mitigate these losses has been investigated for poultry litter, but materials such as swine manure have received less attention in this context, particularly at the plot scale or larger. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the impacts of aluminum sulfate (alum; Al2(SO4)3), aluminum chloride (AlCl3), and ferric chloride (FeCl3) addition on runoff of selected constituents of land-applied swine manure. Manure was collected from feeder pigs fed a standard diet. Alum and FeCl3 were added at a stoichiometric ratio of 1.1:1 [Al:total P (TP)], and AlCl3 was added at a ratio of 1.3:1 [Al:TP]. The amended manure was incubated for six days prior to land application to fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreber) plots. Simulated rainfall (100 mm h-1 for 0.5 h of runoff) was applied to the plots on the day of application and followed by two additional simulated rainfall events at 7 d intervals. Runoff samples were collected and analyzed for dissolved reactive phosphorus (DP), TP, ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), total suspended solids (TSS), fecal coliform (FC), and 17 β-estradiol. Runoff concentrations of all constituents except NO3-N were highest for the first simulated rainfall event, approaching background levels thereafter. Relative to untreated manure, all chemical amendments were effective in reducing first-event DP, TP, and TKN concentrations. Both AlCl3 and FeCl3 reduced first-event NH3-N concentrations, and FeCl3 addition led to FC concentrations indistinguishable from the control (no manure) plots. The results indicate that these amendments have potential for promoting both environmental and agronomic benefits, implying that studies involving practicality and long-term considerations should be undertaken.
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
2016
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
https://doi.org/10.13031/trans.59.11636
Funding Information
This work is supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Hatch-Multistate Project under 1006093.
Related Content
This is Publication No. 16-05-047 of the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station and is published with the approval of the Director.
Repository Citation
Bullock, Elizabeth L.; Edwards, Dwayne R.; Moore, Phillip A. Jr.; and Gates, Richard S., "Effects of Chemical Amendments to Swine Manure on Runoff Quality" (2016). Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications. 50.
https://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_facpub/50
Included in
Agriculture Commons, Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering Commons, Environmental Sciences Commons, Soil Science Commons
Notes/Citation Information
Published in Transactions of the ASABE, v. 59, issue 6, p. 1651-1660.
© 2016 American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers
The copyright holder has granted the permission for posting the article here.