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Abstract
Mammalian systems have developed extensive molecular mechanisms to protect against the toxicity of many exogenous xenobiotic compounds. Interestingly, many detoxification enzymes, including cytochrome P450s and flavin-containing monooxygenases, and their associated transcriptional activators [e.g. the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)], have now been shown to have endogenous roles in normal physiology and the pathology of metabolic diseases. This mini-review will focus on two such instances: the role of flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3) in the formation of the cardiometabolic disease biomarker trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and the role of AhR as a sensor of endogenous ligands such as those generated by the gut microbiota. Understanding the roles of xenobiotic sensing pathways in endogenous metabolism will undoubtedly lead to a better understanding of how exposure to environmental pollutants can perturb these physiological processes.
Document Type
Review
Publication Date
3-1-2017
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
https://doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2016-0050
Funding Information
This work was supported in part by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences at the National Institutes of Health [P42ES007380].
Repository Citation
Petriello, Michael C.; Hoffman, Jessie B.; Morris, Andrew J.; and Hennig, Bernhard, "Emerging Roles of Xenobiotic Detoxification Enzymes in Metabolic Diseases" (2017). Superfund Research Center Faculty Publications. 2.
https://uknowledge.uky.edu/superfund_facpub/2
Included in
Environmental Health and Protection Commons, Medical Pathology Commons, Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases Commons
Notes/Citation Information
Published in Reviews on Environmental Health, v. 32, issue 1-2, p. 105-110.
©2017 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.
The copyright holder has granted the permission for posting the article here.