Abstract

Introduction: Continued smoking following a cancer diagnosis is associated with poorer cancer treatment outcomes and survival times. Little is known about how cancer treatment status at the time of tobacco treatment enrollment impacts long-term smoking cessation outcomes. Using data from a smoking cessation RCT, this study compared long-term cessation outcomes of women undergoing active treatment for cervical cancer at trial enrollment (n=40) to outcomes of women with a history of cervical cancer or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) who were not undergo- ing active cancer treatment at enrollment (n=154)

Methods: Participants (n=194) were randomized to Standard Treatment (ST) or ST plus a 6-session Motivation And Problem Solving (MAPS) telephone counseling protocol (data collected: 2017−2021; analyzed: 2023). Sociodemographic differences between participants undergoing (ver- sus not undergoing) active cancer treatment at enrollment were examined. Significant covariates were included in a logistic regression analysis comparing the 2 groups’ smoking cessation outcomes at 12 months, the end of the tobacco treatment period.

Results: Participants in active cancer treatment at enrollment were significantly younger and less educated than those not in active cancer treatment. Race/ethnicity, relationship status, household income, nicotine dependence, and tobacco treatment condition did not vary by cancer treatment status. After adjusting for tobacco treatment condition, age, and education, being in active cancer treatment at the time of enrollment was associated with lower odds of abstinence at 12 months (5% vs 20%, aOR=0.22, 95% CI [0.05−0.998]).

Conclusions: Further research is necessary to identify and overcome barriers to abstinence among cancer survivors undergoing active treatment.

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

6-2024

Notes/Citation Information

© 2024 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2024.02.004

Funding Information

This work was supported by the National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health (R01CA172786 to JIV) and by the Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource at the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, a National Cancer Institute Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center (P30CA76292). CCD and BSF were supported by a National Cancer Institute Training Grant in Behavioral Oncology (T32CA090314-18, MPIs: Vadaparampil, Simmons). The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest. No financial disclosures have been reported by the authors of this paper.

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