Abstract

A wines’ terroir, represented as wine traits with regional distinctiveness, is a reflection of both the biophysical and human-driven conditions in which the grapes were grown and wine made. Soil is an important factor contributing to the uniqueness of a wine produced by vines grown in specific conditions. Here, we evaluated the impact of environmental variables on the soil bacteria of 22 Barossa Valley vineyard sites based on the 16S rRNA gene hypervariable region 4. In this study, we report that both dispersal isolation by geographic distance and environmental heterogeneity (soil plant-available P content, elevation, rainfall, temperature, spacing between row and spacing between vine) contribute to microbial community dissimilarity between vineyards. Vineyards located in cooler and wetter regions showed lower beta diversity and a higher ratio of dominant taxa. Differences in soil bacterial community composition were significantly associated with differences in fruit and wine composition. Our results suggest that environmental factors affecting wine terroir, may be mediated by changes in microbial structure, thus providing a basic understanding of how growing conditions affect interactions between plants and their soil bacteria.

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

1-7-2021

Notes/Citation Information

Published in Frontiers in Microbiology, v. 11, article 597944.

© 2021 Zhou, Cavagnaro, De Bei, Nelson, Stephen, Metcalfe, Gilliham, Breen, Collins and Rodríguez López

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.597944

Funding Information

This study was funded through a Pilot Program in Genomic Applications in Agriculture and Environment Sectors jointly supported by The University of Adelaide and the Australian Genome Research Facility Ltd. JZ was supported by an Adelaide Graduate Research Scholarship (The University of Adelaide). CR was supported by a The University of Adelaide Beacon Research Fellowship and is currently partially supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, United States Department of Agriculture, Hatch Program number 2352987000. MG was supported by the Australian Research Council through Centre of Excellence (CE1400008) and Future Fellowship (FT130100709) funding.

Related Content

The datasets generated for this study can be found in online repositories. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found below: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/, PRJNA601984.

The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.597944/full#supplementary-material It is also available for download as the additional file listed at the end of this record.

Image_1_Wine Terroir and the Soil Bacteria An Amplicon Sequencing–Based Assessment of the Barossa Valley and Its Sub-Regions.pdf (75 kB)
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Table_1_Wine Terroir and the Soil Bacteria An Amplicon Sequencing–Based Assessment of the Barossa Valley and Its Sub-Regions.xlsx (10 kB)
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Table_2_Wine Terroir and the Soil Bacteria An Amplicon Sequencing–Based Assessment of the Barossa Valley and Its Sub-Regions.xlsx (13 kB)
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Table_3_Wine Terroir and the Soil Bacteria An Amplicon Sequencing–Based Assessment of the Barossa Valley and Its Sub-Regions.xlsx (12 kB)
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