Abstract

Thromboxane synthase (TXAS) and thromboxane A2 receptor (TP), two critical components for thromboxane A2 (TXA2) signaling, have been suggested to be involved in cancer invasion and metastasis. However, the mechanisms by which TXA2 promotes these processes are still unclear. Here we show that TXA2 mimetic, I-BOP, induced monocyte chemoattractant protein -1(MCP-1)/chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) expression at both mRNA and protein levels in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells stably over-expressing TP receptor α isoform (A549-TPα). The induction of MCP-1 was also found in other lung cancer cells H157 and H460 that express relatively high levels of endogenous TP. Using specific inhibitors of several signaling molecules and promoter/luciferase assay, we identified that transcription factor SP1 mediates I-BOP-induced MCP-1 expression. Furthermore, supernatants from I-BOP-treated A549-TPα cells enhanced MCP-1-dependent migration of RAW 264.7 macrophages. Moreover, co-culture of A549 cells with RAW 264.7 macrophages induced expression of MMPs, VEGF and MCP-1 genes, and increased the invasive potential in A549 cells. These findings suggest that TXA2 may stimulate invasion of cancer cells through MCP-1-mediated macrophage recruitment.

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

1-17-2013

Notes/Citation Information

Published in PLoS One, v. 8, no. 1, p. 54073.

© 2013 Li, Tai. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0054073

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