Abstract

We report a comprehensive analysis of the light and strange disconnected-sea quarks contribution to the nucleon magnetic moment, charge radius, and the electric and magnetic form factors. The lattice QCD calculation includes ensembles across several lattice volumes and lattice spacings with one of the ensembles at the physical pion mass. We adopt a model-independent extrapolation of the nucleon magnetic moment and the charge radius. We have performed a simultaneous chiral, infinite volume, and continuum extrapolation in a global fit to calculate results in the continuum limit. We find that the combined light and strange disconnected-sea quarks contribution to the nucleon magnetic moment is μM(DI)=−0.022(11)(09)  μN and to the nucleon mean square charge radius is ⟨r2⟩E(DI) = −0.019(05)(05)  fm2 which is about 1/3 of the difference between the ⟨r2p⟩E of electron-proton scattering and that of a muonic atom and so cannot be ignored in obtaining the proton charge radius in the lattice QCD calculation. The most important outcome of this lattice QCD calculation is that while the combined light-sea and strange quarks contribution to the nucleon magnetic moment is small at about 1%, a negative 2.5(9)% contribution to the proton mean square charge radius and a relatively larger positive 16.3(6.1)% contribution to the neutron mean square charge radius come from the sea quarks in the nucleon. For the first time, by performing global fits, we also give predictions of the light and strange disconnected-sea quarks contributions to the nucleon electric and magnetic form factors at the physical point and in the continuum and infinite volume limits in the momentum transfer range of 0 ≤ Q2 ≤ 0.5  GeV2.

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

12-7-2017

Notes/Citation Information

Published in Physical Review D, v. 96, issue 11, 114504, p. 1-12.

© 2017 American Physical Society

The copyright holder has granted permission for posting the article here.

This group of authors is collectively known as the χQCD Collaboration.

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.96.114504

Funding Information

This work is supported in part by the U.S. DOE Grant No. DE-SC0013065. This research used resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. This work used Stampede time under the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) [44], which is supported by National Science Foundation Grant No. ACI-1053575. We acknowledge the facilities of the USQCD Collaboration used for this research in part, which are funded by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy.

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