Abstract
The myogenic differentiation 1 (MyoD) gene is a master regulator of myogenesis. We previously reported that the expression of MyoD mRNA oscillates over 24 h in skeletal muscle and that the circadian clock transcription factors, BMAL1 (brain and muscle ARNT-like 1) and CLOCK (circadian locomotor output cycles kaput), were bound to the core enhancer (CE) of the MyoD gene in vivo. In this study, we provide in vivo and in vitro evidence that the CE is necessary for circadian expression of MyoD in adult muscle. Gel shift assays identified a conserved non-canonical E-box within the CE that is bound by CLOCK and BMAL1. Functional analysis revealed that this E-box was required for full activation by BMAL1/CLOCK and for in vitro circadian oscillation. Expression profiling of muscle of CEloxP/loxP mice found approximately 1300 genes mis-expressed relative to wild-type. Based on the informatics results, we analyzed the respiratory function of mitochondria isolated from wild-type and CEloxP/loxP mice. These assays determined that State 5 respiration was significantly reduced in CEloxP/loxP muscle. The results of this work identify a novel element in the MyoD enhancer that confers circadian regulation to MyoD in skeletal muscle and suggest that loss of circadian regulation leads to changes in myogenic expression and downstream mitochondrial function.
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
4-2012
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkr1297
Repository Citation
Zhang, Xiping; Patel, Samir P.; McCarthy, John J.; Rabchevsky, Alexander G.; Goldhamer, David J.; and Esser, Karyn A., "A Non-Canonical E-Box Within the MyoD Core Enhancer is Necessary for Circadian Expression in Skeletal Muscle" (2012). Center for Muscle Biology Faculty Publications. 2.
https://uknowledge.uky.edu/musclebiology_facpub/2
Supplementary Data
nar-02988-x-2011-File007.xlsx (473 kB)
Supplementary Data
Notes/Citation Information
Published in Nucleic Acids Research, v. 40, no. 8, p. 3419-3430.
© The Author(s) 2011. Published by Oxford University Press.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.