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Abstract

Knee health constitutes a pivotal determinant of locomotor function and overall mobility throughout the healthspan. Impairments in knee function lead to a series of biomechanical and physiological alterations that pose substantial public health challenges and economic burdens worldwide. This review synthesizes evidence that delineates the complex and multifaceted relationship between knee health and mobility, emphasizing the interplay across various domains in adult populations. Knee health is conceptualized as a dynamic, interconnected system whereby structural integrity, neuromuscular mechanisms, biomechanical adaptations, and functional mobility are intricately interrelated through cascades of mechanistic processes operating across different temporal stages. A comprehensive understanding of these interrelationships is necessary for developing precise and targeted interventions that aim to preserve mobility and functional independence throughout the healthspan.

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2025

Notes/Citation Information

© 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/4.0/).

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk10040454

Funding Information

B.M.P. was supported by the NIH T-32 grant (5T32GM141739-02). K.D.H. was supported by the NIH T-32 grant (T32TR004767). M.A.S. was funded through the National Institutes of Health, grant number K01-AG073698. The National Institutes of Health grants listed had no role in the design, methods, subject recruitment, data collection, analysis, and preparation of the paper.

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