Publication Date
1985
Location
Kyoto Japan
Description
The most damaging fungal diseases of pasture legumes in the major ecosystems of the tropical American lowlands are discussed. Detailed evaluations during the past seven years in major screening sites and more than 100 RIEPT sites have identified more than 30 diseases of tropical pasture legumes caused by fungi, bacteria, mycoplasmas, viruses and nematodes. Of these, four fungal diseases are considered the most damaging: Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum spp., is the most widespread and damaging disease of Stylosanthes. Dry matter losses of 26 to 100% have been recorded in several species. Foliar blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani, is also widespread; 10 to 30% dry matter losses have been recorded in Centrosema brasilianum in Colombia. Dry matter losses of 55% have been recorded in Zornia latifolia by Sphaceloma zorniae, the causal agent of scab, while false rust, caused by Synchytrium desmodii, has caused considerable damage to Desmodium ovalifolium in Colombia. Resistance, the most practical and economic management approach, is being sought to these diseases in an on-going multi-disciplinary, multi-institutional and multi-locational screening and selection research strategy. Understanding of the plant, pathogen, environment and their interactions is considered essential to effective evaluation and utilization of selected resistance.
Citation
Lenne, Jillian M.; Vargas, Amparo; and Torres, Celina, "Damaging Fungal Diseases of Promising Pasture Legumes in the Tropical American Lowlands" (1985). IGC Proceedings (1985-2023). 17.
(URL: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc/1985/ses7/17)
Included in
Agricultural Science Commons, Agronomy and Crop Sciences Commons, Plant Biology Commons, Plant Pathology Commons, Soil Science Commons, Weed Science Commons
Damaging Fungal Diseases of Promising Pasture Legumes in the Tropical American Lowlands
Kyoto Japan
The most damaging fungal diseases of pasture legumes in the major ecosystems of the tropical American lowlands are discussed. Detailed evaluations during the past seven years in major screening sites and more than 100 RIEPT sites have identified more than 30 diseases of tropical pasture legumes caused by fungi, bacteria, mycoplasmas, viruses and nematodes. Of these, four fungal diseases are considered the most damaging: Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum spp., is the most widespread and damaging disease of Stylosanthes. Dry matter losses of 26 to 100% have been recorded in several species. Foliar blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani, is also widespread; 10 to 30% dry matter losses have been recorded in Centrosema brasilianum in Colombia. Dry matter losses of 55% have been recorded in Zornia latifolia by Sphaceloma zorniae, the causal agent of scab, while false rust, caused by Synchytrium desmodii, has caused considerable damage to Desmodium ovalifolium in Colombia. Resistance, the most practical and economic management approach, is being sought to these diseases in an on-going multi-disciplinary, multi-institutional and multi-locational screening and selection research strategy. Understanding of the plant, pathogen, environment and their interactions is considered essential to effective evaluation and utilization of selected resistance.
