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Publication Date
1981
Description
Centrosema pubescen, Benth. {centro) in tropical South America depends upon the development of lines with increased tolerance to high acidity and aluminum (Al). This study classified levels of acid tolerance among Centrosema introductions and crosses of promising introductions. Initially, greenhouse and field evaluations in Carimagua oxisol (pH 4.5, 90% Al saturation) were used. Introductions of C. schottii and C. pascuorom died, while most C. virginianum and C. Uutifolium and a few C. pubescens had low acid tolerance. Most C. pubescens introductions had medium acid tolerance, whereas C. macrocarpum and C. schiedanum were highly acid tolerant. The degree of acid tolerance in introductions was negatively correlated with Al uptake, Several promising C. pubescens introductions, and one each of C. macrocarpum and C. schidanum, were selected for crosses aimed at increasing the acid tolerance of C. pubescens. Most crosses obtained were between C. pubescens-M introductions, there being none with C. schiedeanum and only one with C. macrocarpum. Rapid greenhouse screening of F,s for acid tolerance was achieved, first in sand culture and then in Carimagua soil. More efficient sand-culture screening followed reduction of Al from 8 to 4.5 ppm and maintenance of 10 ppm nitrogen (N). None of the best C. pubescens introductions, nor their F,s, had more than medium acid tolerance. The fertile C. pubescens C. macrocarpum hybrid has provided the basis for selection of highly acid-tolerant lines, combining the best feature of both parents. The high acid tolerance of C. macrocarpum was inherited in about 20% of F2 plants.
Citation
Hutton, E M., "Breeding Centrosema pubescens Better Adapted to Acid Infertile Soils of South America" (1981). IGC Proceedings (1981-2023). 14.
(URL: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/igc/1981/section1/14)
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Breeding Centrosema pubescens Better Adapted to Acid Infertile Soils of South America
Centrosema pubescen, Benth. {centro) in tropical South America depends upon the development of lines with increased tolerance to high acidity and aluminum (Al). This study classified levels of acid tolerance among Centrosema introductions and crosses of promising introductions. Initially, greenhouse and field evaluations in Carimagua oxisol (pH 4.5, 90% Al saturation) were used. Introductions of C. schottii and C. pascuorom died, while most C. virginianum and C. Uutifolium and a few C. pubescens had low acid tolerance. Most C. pubescens introductions had medium acid tolerance, whereas C. macrocarpum and C. schiedanum were highly acid tolerant. The degree of acid tolerance in introductions was negatively correlated with Al uptake, Several promising C. pubescens introductions, and one each of C. macrocarpum and C. schidanum, were selected for crosses aimed at increasing the acid tolerance of C. pubescens. Most crosses obtained were between C. pubescens-M introductions, there being none with C. schiedeanum and only one with C. macrocarpum. Rapid greenhouse screening of F,s for acid tolerance was achieved, first in sand culture and then in Carimagua soil. More efficient sand-culture screening followed reduction of Al from 8 to 4.5 ppm and maintenance of 10 ppm nitrogen (N). None of the best C. pubescens introductions, nor their F,s, had more than medium acid tolerance. The fertile C. pubescens C. macrocarpum hybrid has provided the basis for selection of highly acid-tolerant lines, combining the best feature of both parents. The high acid tolerance of C. macrocarpum was inherited in about 20% of F2 plants.
