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Abstract
The increasing deployment of utility-scale battery energy storage systems (BESS) necessitates effective strategies for supporting grid services while minimizing degradation that may compromise system longevity. High charge/discharge rates (C-rate) and imbalanced operation of multi-unit BESS configurations may accelerate degradation. This paper proposes a degradation-aware operational optimization based on Model Predictive Control (MPC) for coordinating multiple BESS units under physical and operational constraints. The multi-objective optimization model imposes penalties on C-rate magnitude, operational state-of-charge (SoC) disparity, and battery internal resistance modeled using an equivalent circuit model. A case study conducted for a fleet of BESS units over a one-week load profile demonstrates that the MPC reduces SoC divergence and minimizes peak C-rate compared to a Greedy benchmark strategy. The improvements enhance coordination of multiple BESS units without compromising the system’s ability to provide grid services.
Document Type
Conference Proceeding
Publication Date
Fall 10-2025
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
10.1109/ECCE58356.2025.11259850
Repository Citation
Kyeremeh, Kwabena A.; Fischer, Grant M.; Lewis, Donovin D.; Patrick, Aron; and Ionel, Dan M., "Degradation Minimization of Utility-Scale Li-ion BESS through Operational Optimization Employing an Equivalent Circuit Model" (2025). Electrical and Computer Engineering Graduate Research. 29.
https://uknowledge.uky.edu/ece_gradpub/29
Notes/Citation Information
Kyeremeh, K. A., Fischer, G. M., Lewis, D. D., Patrick, A., and Ionel, D. M., "Degradation Minimization of Utility-Scale Li-ion BESS through Operational Optimization Employing an Equivalent Circuit Model," Proceedings, IEEE Energy Conversion Congress & Expo (ECCE), Philadelphia, PA, doi: 10.1109/ECCE58356.2025.11259850, 6p (Oct 2025)