Abstract
Establishing fundamental relationships between strain and work function (WF) in organic semiconductors is important not only for understanding electrical properties of organic thin films, which are subject to both intrinsic and extrinsic strains, but also for developing flexible electronic devices. Here we investigate tensile and compressive strain effects on the WF of rubrene single crystals. Mechanical strain induced by thermal expansion mismatch between the substrate and rubrene is quantified by X-ray diffraction. The corresponding WF change is measured by scanning Kelvin probe microscopy. The WF of rubrene increases (decreases) significantly with in-plane tensile (compressive) strain, which agrees qualitatively with density functional theory calculations. An elastic-to-plastic transition, characterized by a steep rise of the WF, occurs at ∼0.05% tensile strain along the rubrene π-stacking direction. The results provide the first concrete link between mechanical strain and WF of an organic semiconductor and have important implications for understanding the connection between structural and electronic disorder in soft organic electronic materials.
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
2-1-2016
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms10270
Funding Information
This work was primarily supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. DMR-0706011. Part of this work was carried out in the Characterization Facility, University of Minnesota, which received partial support from NSF through the MRSEC program under Grant No. DMR-1420013.
Repository Citation
Wu, Yanfei; Chew, Annabel R.; Rojas, Geoffrey A.; Sini, Gjergji; Haugstad, Greg; Belianinov, Alex; Kalinin, Sergei V.; Li, Hong; Risko, Chad; Brédas, Jean-Luc; Salleo, Alberto; and Frisbie, C. Daniel, "Strain Effects on the Work Function of an Organic Semiconductor" (2016). Chemistry Faculty Publications. 83.
https://uknowledge.uky.edu/chemistry_facpub/83
Supplementary Information: Supplementary Figures 1-3, Supplementary Tables 1-3, Supplementary Methods and Supplementary References
Included in
Chemistry Commons, Polymer and Organic Materials Commons, Semiconductor and Optical Materials Commons
Notes/Citation Information
Published in Nature Communications, v. 7, article no. 10270, p. 1-9.
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