Author ORCID Identifier
Date Available
5-9-2023
Year of Publication
2023
Degree Name
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Document Type
Doctoral Dissertation
College
Engineering
Department/School/Program
Computer Science
First Advisor
Dr. Jin Chen
Abstract
Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques have shown promising results in healthcare applications using Electronic Health Records (EHRs) data. However, their adoption in real-world healthcare settings is hindered by three major challenges. Firstly, real-world EHR data typically contains numerous missing values. Secondly, traditional ML/DL models are typically considered black-boxes, whereas interpretability is required for real-world healthcare applications. Finally, differences in data distributions may lead to unfairness and performance disparities, particularly in subpopulations.
This dissertation proposes methods to address missing data, interpretability, and fairness issues. The first work proposes an ensemble prediction framework for EHR data with large missing rates using multiple subsets with lower missing rates. The second method introduces the integration of medical knowledge graphs and double attention mechanism with the long short-term memory (LSTM) model to enhance interpretability by providing knowledge-based model interpretation. The third method develops an LSTM variant that integrates medical knowledge graphs and additional time-aware gates to handle multi-variable temporal missing issues and interpretability concerns. Finally, a transformer-based model is proposed to learn unbiased and fair representations of diverse subpopulations using domain classifiers and three attention mechanisms.
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
https://doi.org/10.13023/etd.2023.156
Funding Information
This study was supported by Jin Chen startup at University of Kentucky in 2019 to 2020.
This study was supported by National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) Grant (no.: R56 DK126930 and P30 DK079337) in 2021 to 2023.
Recommended Citation
Liu, Jing Lucas, "Machine Learning Framework for Real-World Electronic Health Records Regarding Missingness, Interpretability, and Fairness" (2023). Theses and Dissertations--Computer Science. 131.
https://uknowledge.uky.edu/cs_etds/131
