Abstract
Net zero energy (NZE) houses purchase zero net metered electricity from the grid over a year. Technical challenges brought forth by NZE homes are related to the intermittent nature of solar generation, and are due to the fact that peak solar generation and load are not coincident. This leads to a large rate of change of load, and in case of high PV penetration communities, often requires the installation of gas power plants to service this variability. This paper proposes a hybrid energy storage system including batteries and a variable power electric water heater which enables the NZE homes to behave like dispatchable generators or loads, thereby reducing the rate of change of the net power flow from the house. A co-simulation framework, INSPIRE+D, which enables the dynamic simulation of electricity usage in a community of NZE homes, and their connection to the grid is enabled. The calculated instantaneous electricity usage is validated through experimental data from afield demonstrator in southern Kentucky. It is demonstrated that when the operation of the proposed hybrid energy storage system is coordinated with solar PV generation, the required size and ratings of the battery would be substantially reduced while still maintaining the same functionality. Methodologies for sizing the battery and solar panels are developed.
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
7-2020
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2020.2986325
Funding Information
The support of University of Kentucky, the L. Stanley Pigman endowment, and of the SPARK program and the Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky (PEIK) is gratefully acknowledged.
Repository Citation
Gong, Huangjie; Rallabandi, Vandana; Ionel, Dan M.; Colliver, Donald G.; Duerr, Shaun; and Ababei, Cristinel, "Dynamic Modeling and Optimal Design for Net Zero Energy Houses Including Hybrid Electric and Thermal Energy Storage" (2020). Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications. 4.
https://uknowledge.uky.edu/peik_facpub/4
Notes/Citation Information
Published in IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, v. 56, issue 4.
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The document available for download is the authors’ manuscript version that is accepted for publication. The final published version is copyrighted by IEEE and will be available as: H. Gong, V. Rallabandi, D. M. Ionel, D, Colliver,S. Duerr, and C. Ababei, “Dynamic Modeling and Optimal Design for Net Zero Energy Houses Including Hybrid Electric and Thermal Energy Storage,” in IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.